A 31-year-old female presented with bilateral flank pain. Previous lab results had shown impaired renal function. Kidney ultrasound was performed. The following images were obtained.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Renal carcinoma
B. Severe hydronephrosis
C. Polycystic kidney disease

Image courtesy of UltrasoundCases.info owned by SonoSkills.

Polycystic kidney disease is the most likely diagnosis.

Explanation

Ultrasound is an excellent modality to diagnose polycystic kidney disease. Both kidneys will be enlarged and appear hyperechoic with multiple cysts of varying sizes within the renal parenchyma.

References

1. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/polycystic-kidney-disease-beyond-the-basics
2. https://radiopaedia.org/articles/autosomal-dominant-polycystic-kidney-disease-1?lang=us
3. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/376995-overview